若因溫度和變形程度選擇不當而得到粗大晶粒時，可利用熱處理相變細化晶粒組織，但對于熱處理中不發(fā)生相變的鋼種，如奧氏體鋼，就必須在鍛造過程中獲得細小而均勻的晶粒組織，因此對這樣的材料在鍛造時須加倍注意。

If the temperature and degree of deformation and improper selection of coarse grains, the grain refinement phase change heat treatment, but for the steel phase transition does not occur in the heat treatment, such as austenitic steel, it must be in the forging process have fine and uniform grains, so this kind of material in the forging must pay more attention to.

選擇好的鍛件產品跟鍛造工藝或者鍛造廠家肯定是有關系的，現在有越來越多的鍛件廠走向市場，對此，用戶挑選鍛件產品的難度就增加了。如果對鍛件缺乏專業(yè)的認識，那么，在選擇的時候就會多很多顧忌。

The selection of good forging products is closely related to forging process or forging factories. Now more and more forgings factories are going to the market. Therefore, users' difficulty in selecting forgings is increasing. If the forgings are lack of professional knowledge, there will be a lot of scruples when choosing.

拔長 拔長是使坯料的長度增加，截面減小的鍛造工序，通常用來生產軸類件毛坯，如車床主軸、連桿等。

沖孔 用沖子在坯料上沖出通孔或不通孔的鍛造工序。彎曲 使坯料彎曲成一定角度或形狀的鍛造工序。

Drawing and drawing is a forging process that increases the length of the billet and reduces the section. It is usually used to produce shaft parts, such as spindle and connecting rod.

Forging punch punching out through holes or blind holes in the blank. The forging process of bending the billet into a certain angle or shape.