軋機(jī)上使金屬產(chǎn)生連續(xù)塑性變形的主要工作部件和工具。軋輥主要由輥身、輥頸和軸頭3部分組成。

輥身是實(shí)際參與軋制金屬的軋輥中間部分。它具有光滑的圓柱形或帶軋槽的表面。輥頸安裝在軸承中，并通過軸承座和壓下裝置把軋制力傳給機(jī)架。

The roller body is the middle part of the roll that actually takes part in rolling the metal. It has a smooth cylinder or a surface with a groove. The roller neck is installed in the bearing and passes the rolling force to the rack through the bearing seat and the press down device. .

這些應(yīng)力沿輥身的散布是不均勻的、不斷改變的，其原因不只有規(guī)劃要素，還有軋輥在運(yùn)用中磨損、溫度和輥形的不斷改變。

The dispersion of these stresses along the roll is uneven and ctantly changing, and the reas are not only the planning elements, but also the ctant change of wear, temperature and roll shape in the use of the rolls.

軋輥的無損檢測(cè)通常用超聲波探傷儀進(jìn)行。冷軋輥探傷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中通常把輥身依受力情況分成表面區(qū)、中心區(qū)和中間區(qū)，然后依斷裂力學(xué)原理分別規(guī)定各區(qū)允許存在的缺陷的臨界尺寸。

Nondestructive testing of rolls is usually carried out by ultrasonic flaw detectors. In the testing standard of cold roll, the roll body is usually divided into the surface area, the center area and the middle area according to the force condition, and then the critical dimensi of the defects are allowed in each area according to the principle of fracture mechanics.